MICRO LESSON 1
What is Matter?
Picture it:
A stone, water and air look different, but all occupy space and have mass.
Simple:
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
Example:
Air in a balloon occupies space.
Remember:
Mass + space = matter.
Quick Check:
Is light matter?
MICRO LESSON 2
Particles of Matter
Picture it:
A drop of ink spreads through water because matter is made of moving particles.
Simple:
Matter is made of extremely small particles.
Example:
Potassium permanganate colours a large volume of water.
Remember:
Tiny particles can spread widely.
Quick Check:
What does diffusion show?
MICRO LESSON 3
Space Between Particles
Picture it:
Sugar disappears in water because its particles occupy spaces between water particles.
Simple:
Particles of matter have spaces between them.
Example:
Salt dissolves without greatly increasing water level.
Remember:
Particles are not packed without gaps.
Quick Check:
Why does sugar dissolve?
MICRO LESSON 4
Particles Keep Moving
Picture it:
Perfume smell reaches another corner of a room.
Simple:
Particles are continuously moving and move faster when heated.
Example:
Hot food smell spreads faster than cold food smell.
Remember:
More heat means faster motion.
Quick Check:
Why is diffusion fast in gases?
MICRO LESSON 5
Force of Attraction
Picture it:
A solid keeps shape because its particles strongly attract one another.
Simple:
Attraction is strongest in solids and weakest in gases.
Example:
A stone is rigid; air spreads freely.
Remember:
Solid strong, liquid medium, gas weak.
Quick Check:
Which state has weakest attraction?
MICRO LESSON 6
Three States of Matter
Picture it:
Ice, water and steam are the same substance in different states.
Simple:
Solids have fixed shape and volume; liquids fixed volume; gases neither.
Example:
Book, milk and oxygen.
Remember:
Solid fixes both, liquid one, gas none.
Quick Check:
Why are gases compressible?
MICRO LESSON 7
Change of State
Picture it:
Heating ice produces water and then steam.
Simple:
Temperature or pressure can change the state of matter.
Example:
Melting, boiling, freezing and condensation.
Remember:
Heat loosens particle attraction.
Quick Check:
What is gas to liquid called?
MICRO LESSON 8
Latent Heat
Picture it:
Ice absorbs heat while melting but stays at 0°C until melting ends.
Simple:
Latent heat changes state without changing temperature.
Example:
Melting ice at 0°C.
Remember:
Hidden heat changes state.
Quick Check:
Why is temperature constant during melting?
MICRO LESSON 9
Evaporation
Picture it:
Wet clothes dry even below boiling temperature.
Simple:
Evaporation is surface conversion of liquid into vapour.
Example:
Sweat evaporates and cools skin.
Remember:
Evaporation happens at the surface.
Quick Check:
How is evaporation different from boiling?
MICRO LESSON 10
Factors Affecting Evaporation
Picture it:
Clothes dry faster on a hot windy day.
Simple:
Evaporation increases with surface area, temperature and wind speed, and decreases with humidity.
Example:
Spread-out clothes dry faster.
Remember:
Hot, wide, windy, dry = faster.
Quick Check:
Why do clothes dry slowly in humidity?